Bioremediation of toluene by bioaugmentation, biostimulation and natural attenuation

Contamination in subsurface environment is a serious environmental hazard. Main sources of the contamination are petrol, diesel fuel, gasoline at oil refineries, underground storage tanks, transmission pipelines and different industries. Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs), which promising technology to remediate groundwater in-situ, filled with materials for removal contaminants present groundwater. In this study, contaminated toluene treated reactor columns by biological processes. This study was conducted assess impact bioaugmentation (BA) biostimulation (BS) on degradation efficiency. After 44 days treatment, concentrations were decreased from 5 mg/l 4.304 natural attenuation treatment (Reactor 2), represents 13.9% Toluene reduced 0.0239 1), efficiency 99.5%. showed that combined BA BS process much higher than (NA) tested.